Q3461. Which of the following best differentiates between Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint?
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Q3462. Consider the following statements regarding the European rail network:
I. Europe has one of the most dense railway networks in the world.
II. The network is characterized by the widespread adoption of high-speed rail systems.
III. Most European railways are privately owned with no state involvement.
IV. Passenger transport constitutes a higher proportion of railway traffic in Europe compared to North America.
V. The TGV in France is a prominent example of the European high-speed rail system.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
I. Europe has one of the most dense railway networks in the world.
II. The network is characterized by the widespread adoption of high-speed rail systems.
III. Most European railways are privately owned with no state involvement.
IV. Passenger transport constitutes a higher proportion of railway traffic in Europe compared to North America.
V. The TGV in France is a prominent example of the European high-speed rail system.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Explanation
Europe boasts one of the world’s most dense and advanced railway networks, featuring widespread electrification and high-speed rail systems like the French TGV. Unlike North America, passenger transport represents a very high proportion of total rail traffic. While many services are increasingly privatized, state involvement remains significant. This infrastructure supports intense urban connectivity across relatively short geographical distances between major centers.
Q3463. Consider the following constraints faced by the Indian industrial sector post-liberalisation:
I. Inadequate infrastructure facilities
II. Stringent labor laws
III. Lack of access to credit for MSMEs
IV. Over-protection from foreign competition
Which of the combinations given above incorrectly identifies the constraints?
I. Inadequate infrastructure facilities
II. Stringent labor laws
III. Lack of access to credit for MSMEs
IV. Over-protection from foreign competition
Which of the combinations given above incorrectly identifies the constraints?
Explanation
Following liberalisation, the Indian industrial sector faced several genuine challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, rigid labor laws, and limited credit access for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. However, over-protection from foreign competition is not a constraint faced after 1991; rather, it was a characteristic of the pre-reform era. Post-liberalisation, industries actually struggled with increased exposure to global competition due to reduced tariffs.
Q3464. The term ‘smog’ was originally coined to describe a mixture of:
Explanation
The term used to describe a specific type of intense air pollution was originally created by combining two words. It referred to a thick, dark mixture caused by the combination of coal emissions and natural atmospheric moisture common in industrial cities. While modern versions involve different chemical reactions, the name persists as a general description for visible and harmful atmospheric haze.
Q3465. Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of ‘Bhom’ tenure in medieval Rajasthan?
Explanation
Bhom tenure represented a specialized hereditary land grant given to individuals for their role in local protection. These Bhomias were often the descendants of those who had sacrificed their lives for the village or provided essential security services. While they paid a nominal quit-rent, they were primarily responsible for maintaining order and protecting the community at the grassroots level.
Q3466. Identify the correct pair representing a prominent saint of the Pallava period and their respective devotional tradition.
Explanation
Andal is the only female president among the twelve Alvars and is renowned for her deep devotion to Lord Vishnu. In contrast, Appar and Sambandar were prominent Nayanar saints who belonged to the Shaivite tradition. Nammalvar was one of the most celebrated Alvar poet-saints, not a Nayanar. Therefore, the association of Andal with the Alvar tradition is the only correctly matched pair among the given religious figures.
Q3467. Which one of the following is considered an abuse of Public Interest Litigation (PIL)?
Explanation
While Public Interest Litigation is a tool for social justice, its misuse for personal or political purposes is considered an abuse. The Supreme Court has repeatedly warned against Publicity Interest Litigation or Politics Interest Litigation. Genuine PILs should focus on the grievances of the public at large, particularly the marginalized, rather than serving the private interests or vendettas of individuals.
Q3468. Identify the correct pair of a high-speed rail system and its country of origin in Europe.
Explanation
Different European nations have developed their own signature high-speed rail systems to facilitate rapid intercity travel. The AVE (Alta Velocidad Española) is the high-speed rail service operating in Spain. Other notable systems include the TGV in France and the ICE in Germany. These networks are designed to compete effectively with short-haul air travel by offering high speeds and convenient city-center terminals.
Q3469. The ‘Make in India’ initiative was launched by the Government of India in which year?
Explanation
The Make in India initiative was launched in 2014 to make India a manufacturing hub, with 25 focus sectors.
Q3470. Identify the incorrect statement regarding pollutants.
Explanation
Pollutants are classified based on how they behave in the environment. Substances that are easily broken down by bacteria and fungi are considered biodegradable. However, certain synthetic chemicals, such as some older pesticides, are extremely resistant to natural decay. These persistent compounds remain in the soil and water for decades, often accumulating in the bodies of animals and causing long-term ecological damage.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 3461 | (c) Activism involves interpreting the Constitution to address social injustices, whereas restraint defers to elected branches. |
| 3462 | (c) I, II, IV and V |
| 3463 | (c) IV only |
| 3464 | (c) Smoke and fog |
| 3465 | (d) Hereditary grant for local protection or to heirs of fallen village defenders. |
| 3466 | (d) Andal - Alvar tradition |
| 3467 | (d) Filing a petition by a political rival purely for political gain or a personal private vendetta. |
| 3468 | (d) AVE - Spain |
| 3469 | (b) 2014 |
| 3470 | (d) DDT is a classic example of a biodegradable pollutant. |
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on RAS Prelims?
This page has 9654 practice MCQs on the RAS Prelims syllabus. Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
How should I practise MCQs for RAS Prelims?
Attempt each question first, then open the answer and read the explanation. Practise one chapter at a time, note the facts you got wrong and revise them. Repeat the chapter after a few days.
Are these actual RAS Prelims past-paper questions?
No. These are practice questions written for the RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the pattern the exam uses: factual questions, statement-based questions, match-the-list and assertion-reason.