Category 11 · Modern History
Socio-Religious Reform Movements: General Features
5 micro topics in Modern History for UPSC Prelims, in book order: Factors Giving Rise to the Desire for Reform; Social and Ideological Bases of Reform; and 3 more.
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11.1
Factors Giving Rise to the Desire for Reform
The desire for reform in nineteenth-century India arose from the impact of British rule, the religious and social ills of a stagnant society (superstition, the position of women, caste), the challenge of colonial culture and a…
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11.2
Social and Ideological Bases of Reform
The social base of nineteenth-century reform was the new middle class of educated intellectuals, drawn from government service and the professions. Their ideology rested on rationalism, religious universalism and humanism, with a concern for worldly life…
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11.3
Two Streams of Reform: Reformist and Revivalist
Nineteenth-century reform movements fell into two streams: reformist (Brahmo Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Aligarh Movement) and revivalist (Arya Samaj, Deoband Movement). Both appealed to the lost purity of the religion, and differed only in how far they…
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11.4
Reform Movements and the Position of Women
Reformers fought the low status of women through campaigns and laws: abolition of sati (1829), curbs on female infanticide, the Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act (1856), the Native Marriage Act (1872), the Age of Consent Act (1891)…
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11.5
Struggle Against Caste-Based Exploitation
The struggle against caste-based exploitation combined British administrative changes that weakened caste, the work of reform organisations and the national movement, and the movements of the lower castes themselves under Jyotiba Phule, Sri Narayana Guru, E.V.…
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Frequently asked questions
Which topics are in Socio-Religious Reform Movements: General Features?
Socio-Religious Reform Movements: General Features has 5 micro topics in Modern History: Factors Giving Rise to the Desire for Reform; Social and Ideological Bases of Reform; Two Streams of Reform: Reformist and Revivalist; Reform Movements and the Position of Women; Struggle Against Caste-Based Exploitation.
Is Socio-Religious Reform Movements: General Features important for UPSC Prelims?
Socio-Religious Reform Movements: General Features is a part of the UPSC Prelims Modern History syllabus map on MaargX UPSC. Each of its 5 published topics has key terms, a Mains angle and practice questions.