Category 8 · Modern History
Extension of British Paramountcy and Frontier Policy
8 micro topics in Modern History for UPSC Prelims, in book order: The Policy of Ring-Fence; Subsidiary Alliance; and 6 more.
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8.1
The Policy of Ring-Fence
Warren Hastings followed a policy of ring-fence: the Company defended the frontiers of friendly neighbouring states, such as Awadh, so that they acted as buffer zones around Company territory, at the allies' own expense. Wellesley's Subsidiary…
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8.2
Subsidiary Alliance
The Subsidiary Alliance was the system used by Lord Wellesley (Governor-General 1798-1805) under which an Indian ruler accepted a permanent British force in his territory, paid a subsidy for it, took a British Resident at his…
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8.3
Doctrine of Lapse
The Doctrine of Lapse held that an adopted son could inherit his foster father's private property but not the state; the paramount power, the British, would decide whether to give the state to the adopted son…
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8.4
Annexation of Awadh
Lord Dalhousie annexed Awadh in February 1856 after deposing Nawab Wajid Ali Shah on grounds of misgovernment. The Court of Directors had ordered annexation and the abolition of the throne. Awadh was the oldest surviving state…
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8.5
Anglo-Bhutanese and Anglo-Nepalese Relations
The occupation of Assam in 1826 brought the British into contact with Bhutan, and after the mistreatment of an envoy in 1863-64 they annexed the Bhutanese passes and in 1865 paid an annual subsidy for them.…
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8.6
Anglo-Burmese Relations
Three Anglo-Burmese Wars (1824-26, 1852 and 1885) ended in the annexation of Burma into British India. The First Burma War ended in the Treaty of Yandabo, the Second took Pegu under Dalhousie, and the Third, under…
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8.7
Anglo-Tibetan and Anglo-Afghan Relations
Fear of Russian influence drove British policy towards Tibet and Afghanistan. Curzon sent Younghusband to Lhasa in 1904 and obtained the Treaty of Lhasa. In Afghanistan, Auckland's forward policy led to the First Afghan War (1839-42)…
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8.8
Masterly Inactivity, Proud Reserve and the North-West Frontier
John Lawrence's masterly inactivity (1864-69) avoided interference in Afghanistan; Lytton's proud reserve (1876) sought scientific frontiers and spheres of influence; Curzon followed withdrawal and concentration and created the North-West Frontier Province. The Durand Line (1893) marked…
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Frequently asked questions
Which topics are in Extension of British Paramountcy and Frontier Policy?
Extension of British Paramountcy and Frontier Policy has 8 micro topics in Modern History: The Policy of Ring-Fence; Subsidiary Alliance; Doctrine of Lapse; Annexation of Awadh; Anglo-Bhutanese and Anglo-Nepalese Relations; Anglo-Burmese Relations; Anglo-Tibetan and Anglo-Afghan Relations; Masterly Inactivity, Proud Reserve and the North-West Frontier.
Is Extension of British Paramountcy and Frontier Policy important for UPSC Prelims?
Extension of British Paramountcy and Frontier Policy is a part of the UPSC Prelims Modern History syllabus map on MaargX UPSC. Each of its 8 published topics has key terms, a Mains angle and practice questions.