Category 20 · Modern History

Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences

14 micro topics in Modern History for UPSC Prelims, in book order: Run-up to Civil Disobedience: Irwin's Declaration and the Delhi Manifesto; Lahore Congress and Purna Swaraj; and 12 more.

1. 20.1

   Run-up to Civil Disobedience: Irwin's Declaration and the Delhi Manifesto

   The run-up to the Civil Disobedience Movement began at the Calcutta session of December 1928, which gave the government a deadline of one year to accept dominion status. During 1929 Gandhi prepared the country, Lord Irwin…

2. 20.2

   Lahore Congress and Purna Swaraj

   At the Lahore session of December 1929, presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, the Congress declared complete independence its aim, boycotted the Round Table Conference, authorised the Working Committee to launch civil disobedience including non-payment of taxes,…

3. 20.3

   Gandhi's Eleven Demands and the Choice of Salt

   To carry out the Lahore mandate, Gandhi put eleven demands before the government with an ultimatum of 31 January 1930. They covered general, business and peasant interests, including cutting land revenue and army and civil service…

4. 20.4

   Dandi March and the Spread of Salt Law Disobedience

   Gandhi began the Dandi March on 12 March 1930 with 78 members of Sabarmati Ashram, marched about 240 miles through Gujarat and broke the salt law at Dandi on 6 April 1930. Defiance of the salt…

5. 20.5

   Extent of Mass Participation and Impact of the Agitation

   Women, students, merchants, tribals, workers and peasants took part in the Civil Disobedience Movement, while Muslim participation was far below the level of 1920-22, though the North-West Frontier Province saw an overwhelming response. The agitation cut…

6. 20.6

   Gandhi-Irwin Pact

   The Gandhi-Irwin Pact, also called the Delhi Pact, was signed on 5 March 1931 between Viceroy Lord Irwin and Gandhi after talks that began once Gandhi and the Working Committee were released on 25 January 1931.…

7. 20.7

   Karachi Congress Session, 1931

   The special Karachi session of the Congress, held on 29 March 1931, endorsed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, reiterated purna swaraj, and adopted resolutions on Fundamental Rights and a National Economic Programme. It met six days after the…

8. 20.8

   First and Second Round Table Conferences

   The First Round Table Conference met in London from November 1930 to January 1931, without the Congress, and agreed only that India would become a federation with safeguards on defence and finance. The Second met from…

9. 20.9

   Third Round Table Conference and the Resumption of Civil Disobedience

   The Third Round Table Conference, held from 17 November to 24 December 1932 without the Congress, led to a White Paper in March 1933 and, through a Joint Select Committee, to the Government of India Act…

10. 20.10

    Evaluation of the Civil Disobedience Movement

    The Civil Disobedience Movement aimed at complete independence, broke the law from the start, drew massive peasant and business support but fewer intellectuals and Muslims, saw about three times as many imprisoned as in 1920-22, and…

11. 20.11

    Communal Award, 1932

    The Communal Award was announced by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald on 16 August 1932, after the Indian delegates failed to agree on minority representation. Based on the Lothian Committee's findings, it gave separate electorates and…

12. 20.12

    Poona Pact and Its Impact on Dalits

    The Poona Pact was signed on 24 September 1932 by B.R. Ambedkar for the depressed classes, ending Gandhi's fast. It dropped separate electorates for the depressed classes but raised their reserved seats from 71 to 147…

13. 20.13

    Gandhi's Harijan Campaign and Thoughts on Caste

    After the Poona Pact, Gandhi launched a campaign against untouchability: the All India Anti-Untouchability League in September 1932, the weekly Harijan in January 1933, and a Harijan tour of about 20,000 km from November 1933 to…

14. 20.14

    Gandhi and Ambedkar: Ideological Differences and Similarities

    Gandhi and Ambedkar shared a concern for the oppressed, a commitment to peaceful change and a limited view of State power, but differed on caste, the village, parliamentary democracy, machinery, religion and the means of social…

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Frequently asked questions

Which topics are in Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences?

Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences has 14 micro topics in Modern History: Run-up to Civil Disobedience: Irwin's Declaration and the Delhi Manifesto; Lahore Congress and Purna Swaraj; Gandhi's Eleven Demands and the Choice of Salt; Dandi March and the Spread of Salt Law Disobedience; Extent of Mass Participation and Impact of the Agitation; Gandhi-Irwin Pact; Karachi Congress Session, 1931; First and Second Round Table Conferences; Third Round Table Conference and the Resumption of Civil Disobedience; Evaluation of the Civil Disobedience Movement; Communal Award, 1932; Poona Pact and Its Impact on Dalits; Gandhi's Harijan Campaign and Thoughts on Caste; Gandhi and Ambedkar: Ideological Differences and Similarities.

Is Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences important for UPSC Prelims?

Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences is a part of the UPSC Prelims Modern History syllabus map on MaargX UPSC. Each of its 14 published topics has key terms, a Mains angle and practice questions.