Q321. The core concept of Blockchain technology is best described as:
Science and Technology: RAS Prelims MCQs
1113 RAS Prelims practice MCQs on science and technology are on this page, in 6 chapters. They cover the basics of everyday science, computers and information technology, defence and space technology in India, genetics, biotechnology and nanotechnology, science and technology policies and government programmes, and recent advances with Indian contributors and indigenisation. Each question has an answer and an explanation.
Practice questions based on the RPSC RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the exam pattern but are not past-paper questions.
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Q322. Which pair correctly links a blockchain mechanism to its purpose?
Explanation
Each block in a blockchain is connected to the previous one using a cryptographic hash function, which creates a unique digital fingerprint for the data. This link ensures immutability, as changing any information would alter the hash and break the chain. While consensus algorithms and digital wallets are also important, the hash function is the primary mechanism for maintaining the.
Q323. Identify the incorrect statement regarding the "immutability" of a blockchain.
Explanation
Immutability is a cornerstone of blockchain, meaning that once a transaction is recorded, it is extremely difficult to change. Altering a block would require re-calculating the hashes for every subsequent block, which is computationally prohibitive in a decentralized network. This feature provides security and prevents fraud. Contrary to common misunderstandings, it does not allow for easy editing.
Q324. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Blockchain technology can significantly reduce the need for intermediaries like banks in financial transactions.
Reason (R): Blockchain uses cryptographic proof and decentralized consensus to establish trust directly between transacting parties.
Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Blockchain technology can significantly reduce the need for intermediaries like banks in financial transactions.
Reason (R): Blockchain uses cryptographic proof and decentralized consensus to establish trust directly between transacting parties.
Explanation
Blockchain technology empowers direct transactions between parties by using cryptographic proof and decentralized consensus instead of relying on intermediaries like banks. This peer-to-peer approach can significantly reduce costs and increase the speed of financial exchanges. By establishing trust through the architecture of the network itself, blockchain offers a fundamental shift in how global value and information.
Q325. In blockchain terminology, what is the very first block of a blockchain network called?
Explanation
The very first block in any blockchain network is known as the Genesis Block. It is unique because it does not refer to a previous block and is typically hardcoded into the software that defines the network. This block serves as the foundation for the entire subsequent chain, establishing the initial state and parameters for all following transactions and.
Q326. Self-executing digital contracts where the terms of the agreement are directly written into lines of code on a blockchain are known as:
Explanation
Smart contracts are self-executing agreements with the terms directly written into code on a blockchain. They automatically trigger actions, such as the transfer of funds, when predefined conditions are met. This technology eliminates the need for third-party enforcement, reducing the risk of disputes and increasing efficiency. Smart contracts are essential for decentralized applications and complex digital economies.
Q327. Given below are two statements regarding blockchain access.
Statement I: A public blockchain is completely open and anyone can join and participate in the network.
Statement II: A private blockchain restricts participation and is typically controlled by a single organization.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Statement I: A public blockchain is completely open and anyone can join and participate in the network.
Statement II: A private blockchain restricts participation and is typically controlled by a single organization.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
Public blockchains are open networks where anyone can join, participate in consensus, and view the entire transaction history, as seen in Bitcoin. Private blockchains, however, are restricted networks where access and participation are controlled by a single entity or consortium. Both models offer different advantages in terms of transparency, security, and performance, depending on the specific needs of.
Q328. Match List I with List II.
| Blockchain Concept | Description |
|---|---|
| A. Node | i. A digital representation of value or an asset |
| B. Miner | ii. A participant who validates and adds new blocks |
| C. Token | iii. A record-keeping book of transactions |
| D. Ledger | iv. A computer connected to the blockchain network |
Explanation
Blockchain relies on several key components: nodes provide the network infrastructure, while miners or validators secure the network and add new blocks. Tokens represent digital assets or value within the system, and the ledger serves as the comprehensive record of all transactions. Together, these elements create a robust and transparent environment for secure digital interactions and decentralized governance.
Q329. Which of the following is not a recognized practical application of Blockchain technology?
Explanation
Blockchain technology has wide-ranging applications, including securing supply chains, powering cryptocurrencies, and enabling transparent voting systems. These uses leverage its decentralized and immutable nature. However, compiling programming code like C++ into machine language is a traditional software development task performed by a compiler. This process is entirely unrelated to the distributed ledger functions or cryptographic mechanisms that define.
Q330. Which consensus mechanism is most appropriate for describing the original Bitcoin network where miners compete to solve complex mathematical puzzles?
Explanation
Proof of Work is the original consensus mechanism used by the Bitcoin network, requiring participants called miners to solve complex mathematical puzzles to validate transactions and create new blocks. This process ensures network security by making it computationally expensive to launch an attack. While other mechanisms like Proof of Stake have since emerged, PoW remains the foundational protocol for.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 321 | (c) Distributed, decentralized, public ledger |
| 322 | (a) Cryptographic Hash Function - Ensuring data immutability and linking blocks |
| 323 | (d) Immutability means any user can easily edit past transactions if they make a mistake. |
| 324 | (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. |
| 325 | (c) Genesis Block |
| 326 | (d) Smart contracts |
| 327 | (a) Both Statement I and II are correct |
| 328 | (a) A-iv, B-ii, C-i, D-iii |
| 329 | (b) Compiling C++ code into machine language |
| 330 | (a) Proof of Work (PoW) |
Key facts from Science and Technology
- The RPSC paper is General Knowledge and General Science, so science questions come with a strong dose of applied and recent topics.
- Everyday science questions test the laws and terms of physics, chemistry and biology through examples.
- Defence and space questions pair a missile, satellite or mission with its year and organisation.
- Policy questions ask for the year, the body and the aim of schemes like STIP, the National Quantum Mission and BioE3.
- Health, environment and agriculture are on a separate page, with their own chapters.
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on Science and Technology?
This page has 1113 practice MCQs on Science and Technology. Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
Which chapters does the science and technology set cover?
Six chapters: basics of everyday science; computers, information and communication technology; defence and space technology in India; genetics, biotechnology and nanotechnology; science and technology policies and government programmes; and recent advances, Indian contributors and indigenisation.
Is science and technology part of the RAS Prelims syllabus?
Yes. The RPSC paper is called General Knowledge and General Science, and its syllabus lists science and technology topics along with environment, health, agriculture and government programmes, so questions can come from any of these areas.
How should I prepare science for RAS Prelims?
Revise the concepts by examples, then learn the missions, schemes and scientists with their year and organisation. Attempt each chapter, read the explanations and keep a list of the facts you missed.