1. It is possible to know the pedigree of livestock.
2. It is possible to understand the causes of all human diseases.
3. It is possible to develop disease-resistant animal breeds.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
DNA Sequencing means determining the order of the four chemical building blocks - called "bases" - that make up the DNA molecule. This sequence informs scientists the kind of genetic information that is carried in a particular DNA segment.
Statement 1 is correct: Pedigree analysis is the examination of a particular trait that is inherited from generation to generation. It helps in understanding the inheritance pattern of that trait and determining whether it is dominant or recessive. A thorough pedigree analysis using pedigree files received via DNA sequencing from the relevant breed organisations will certainly help in interpreting the pattern of inheritance of a livestock.
Statement 2 is correct: Mapping genes allows researchers to identify genetic variations associated with diseases. This understanding facilitates the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine approaches.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Knowledge of gene positions enables the identification of genes responsible for disease resistance. This information can be utilized to breed or genetically engineer animals that are more resilient to specific diseases. However UPSC has not recognised it as completely true as if this application of DNA sequencing is still under development.