1. Researchers using Carbon 14 isotope
2. X-ray technician
3. Coal miner
4. Dyer and painter
Select the correct answer by using the codes given below Codes:
Explanation
DNA damage and permanent mutations are likely in professionals exposed to mutagenic agents like radiation, toxic chemicals, or hazardous environments.
Statement 1 is correct: Researchers using Carbon-14 isotopes are exposed to beta radiation from the radioactive isotope. Prolonged exposure can damage DNA and increase the risk of mutations.
Statement 2 is correct: X-ray technicians are at risk due to ionizing radiation, which can break DNA strands and cause chromosomal abnormalities. Protective measures like lead aprons are essential to minimize exposure.
Statement 3 is incorrect: While coal miners are exposed to harmful substances like coal dust and radon gas, these hazards are more strongly linked to respiratory diseases (e.g., black lung disease) and lung cancer, rather than direct, widespread DNA changes. Hence, it may not be included as a primary factor for widespread DNA changes.
Statement 4 is correct: Chemicals found in dyes and paints, such as benzene and lead-based compounds, can be harmful. They can cause cell damage and increase the risk of DNA changes. Long-term exposure is linked to a higher risk of cancer.