1. They possessed great palaces and temples.
2. They worshiped both male and female deities.
3. They employed horse-drawn chariots in warfare.
Select the correct statement/statements using the codes given below
Explanation
The Harappan Civilization, discovered in 1921 at Harappa (Pakistan), spanned Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and western Uttar Pradesh, predating Chalcolithic cultures and showing greater development.
Statement 1 is incorrect: The Indus Valley Civilization differed from Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations, as it lacked grand palaces and temples ruled by powerful kings or priests. Instead, archaeological evidence suggests that their cities featured well-planned structures, public buildings, and granaries, emphasizing urban planning and administrative efficiency rather than monumental architecture.
Statement 2 is correct: Seals and figurines, such as the Priest-King and various fertility symbols, imply reverence for deities associated with fertility, nature, and possibly mother goddesses, indicating a worship system that involved both male and female divine figures.
Statement 3 is incorrect: No trace of Horses has been found in the Indus Valley. The use of chariots is associated with later cultures, such as the Vedic civilization, and is not a feature of the Indus Civilization.
If such massive religious or royal structures had existed, wouldn’t they be one of the most highlighted discoveries? Isn’t the Harappan strength known for its urban planning, drainage, and granaries, not religious or royal architecture? Yes! Hence S1 likely false. For S2, even without names or scriptures, symbolic worship of both genders = high probability. isn’t the presence of both gender symbols a fair inference? Yes!, Hence likely true.