Category 11 · Geography
Ocean Movements, Temperature and Salinity
8 micro topics in Geography for UPSC Prelims, in book order: Ocean Currents – Causes and Types; Pacific and Atlantic Ocean Currents; and 6 more.
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11.1
Ocean Currents – Causes and Types
Ocean currents are continuous flows of water in a definite direction, driven by prevailing winds, the Coriolis force, differences in temperature and salinity, and the shape of the ocean basins. Surface currents form large circular gyres,…
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11.2
Pacific and Atlantic Ocean Currents
The Pacific and Atlantic oceans each have a clockwise gyre in the north and an anticlockwise gyre in the south, joined by the equatorial currents flowing west and a countercurrent flowing east. The warm Kuroshio and…
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11.3
Indian Ocean Currents
The currents of the northern Indian Ocean reverse with the monsoon, flowing clockwise in summer under the southwest monsoon and anticlockwise in winter under the northeast monsoon, a pattern known as the monsoon drift. South of…
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11.4
Effects of Ocean Currents
Ocean currents change the temperature and rainfall of the coasts they touch, create fog and deserts, bring plankton and fish to the great fishing grounds where warm and cold currents meet, carry icebergs and affect navigation,…
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11.5
Tides and Their Types
Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea level caused mainly by the gravitational pull of the Moon, and to a smaller extent the Sun, combined with the centrifugal force of the Earth-Moon system. Tides…
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11.6
Tidal Bore and Importance of Tides
A tidal bore is a wave of rising tide that travels up a river or narrow estuary against the flow of the river, usually at spring tides in a funnel-shaped estuary with a large tidal range.…
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11.7
Temperature Distribution of Oceans
Ocean temperature is highest at the equator and falls toward the poles, and it falls with depth through a mixed layer and a thermocline to a cold deep layer near 4 degrees Celsius or less. The…
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11.8
Ocean Salinity
Salinity is the amount of dissolved salts in sea water, expressed as grams of salt per kilogram of water, or parts per thousand. The average salinity of the oceans is about 35 parts per thousand, ranging…
Frequently asked questions
Which topics are in Ocean Movements, Temperature and Salinity?
Ocean Movements, Temperature and Salinity has 8 micro topics in Geography: Ocean Currents – Causes and Types; Pacific and Atlantic Ocean Currents; Indian Ocean Currents; Effects of Ocean Currents; Tides and Their Types; Tidal Bore and Importance of Tides; Temperature Distribution of Oceans; Ocean Salinity.
Is Ocean Movements, Temperature and Salinity important for UPSC Prelims?
Ocean Movements, Temperature and Salinity is a part of the UPSC Prelims Geography syllabus map on MaargX UPSC. Each of its 8 published topics has key terms, a Mains angle and practice questions.