RAS Prelims MCQ Practice

Explanation

Meghnad Saha’s most enduring legacy is the Saha equation, which provides the mathematical link between a gas’s temperature, pressure, and its degree of ionization. This equation transformed astrophysics from a descriptive science into a quantitative physical discipline. While other scientists worked on white dwarfs and fermions, Saha’s specific focus on ionization remains the cornerstone for analyzing the spectra of celestial bodies.

Explanation

Chittorgarh is the oldest, followed by Jaisalmer (12th century), Kumbhalgarh (15th century) and Mehrangarh (1459). The order is Chittorgarh, Jaisalmer, Kumbhalgarh, Mehrangarh.

Explanation

Maharana Sanga was the legendary warrior king of Mewar who challenged the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughals. Rao Jodha was the founder of Jodhpur and a key figure in the history of Marwar. Raja Bharmal of Amber was one of the first Rajput rulers to establish a matrimonial alliance with the Mughals. Rao Bika, a son of Rao Jodha, moved north to found the independent kingdom and city of Bikaner.

Explanation

The commission consists of a chairperson and six members appointed by the Central Government. A specific requirement is that at least two of these six members must be women. The chairperson must be a person of eminence who has done outstanding work for promoting the welfare of children, ensuring specialized leadership. The six members are required to have expertise in various fields such as education, child health, child development, or juvenile justice. This ensures that the commission’s decisions and recommendations are based on professional knowledge and a deep understanding of the diverse needs and rights of children in different contexts.

Explanation

To classify a star using Saha’s theory, astronomers first observe the absorption lines in the stellar spectrum. They then measure the intensity of these specific lines to gauge the abundance of different elements. By applying the Saha equation, they determine the ionization states of those elements, which finally allows for an accurate calculation of the star’s actual surface temperature.

Explanation

The Phool Mahal in Mehrangarh is known for its ceiling decorated with gold leaf work. It was used as a hall for royal celebrations.

Explanation

The Battle of Khatoli (1517) was fought between Maharana Sanga of Mewar and Ibrahim Lodi of Delhi. Sanga won.

Explanation

The CPCR Act envisions a tiered structure for child rights protection. At the national level is the NCPCR, followed by State Commissions for Protection of Child Rights in each state. To ensure speedy trials for offenses against children, the Act also provides for the establishment of specialized Children’s Courts at the district level. This comprehensive framework ensures that child rights protection is localized and accessible. While the national and state commissions handle oversight and investigations, the specialized courts ensure that legal cases involving children are handled with the necessary sensitivity and urgency, protecting young victims and witnesses throughout the judicial process.

Explanation

Meghnad Saha was a key figure in building India’s scientific infrastructure, founding the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics and the journal ‘Science and Culture’. He also helped establish the National Academy of Sciences. However, he was not the architect of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore; that institution was founded earlier through the vision of Jamsetji Tata and Swami Vivekananda.

Explanation

The Ranakpur Jain temple complex belongs to the Svetambara sect of Jainism. It is dedicated to Adinath and was patronised by Dharna Shah.