Q3771. The execution of the National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP) is coordinated by:
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Q3772. If a factory is operating without the consent of the SPCB and causing severe pollution, what immediate action can the SPCB take?
Explanation
When a facility is found to be causing serious harm to the environment or operating without the required permissions, regional authorities have the power to take swift and decisive action. They can issue an order to stop the facility’s operations immediately. To make this effective, they can also direct other agencies to cut off essential services like electricity and water. These strong measures are necessary to prevent further pollution and ensure compliance.
Q3773. Match List I with List II regarding environmental board responsibilities:
| Board/Authority | Key Responsibility |
|---|---|
| A. CPCB | i. Judicial adjudication of environmental disputes |
| B. SPCB | ii. Formulation of national environmental policies |
| C. MoEFCC | iii. Setting national ambient air quality standards |
| D. NGT | iv. Issuing specific consent to operate for local industries |
Explanation
Different organizations in the environmental management system have unique roles. The central authority sets national standards for quality, while regional boards handle the direct regulation of local businesses. At the highest level, the government department develops broad policies and international strategies. Finally, a specialized court is used to resolve legal disputes and provide justice for environmental damage. This multi-layered approach ensures that environmental protection is addressed from many different perspectives.
Q3774. The financial resources of the State Pollution Control Boards are largely derived from:
Explanation
To fund their operations and monitoring programs, regional pollution control boards rely on several sources of income. A significant portion of their budget comes from the fees they collect from industries for the permission to operate. Additionally, they receive a share of the charges levied on the use of water by various facilities. These funds allow the boards to remain financially independent and effectively carry out their duties to protect the air and water.
Q3775. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, was enacted in the wake of which major industrial disaster?
Explanation
A major national law for protecting the environment was passed following one of the worst industrial accidents in history. This tragic event, which occurred in a central Indian city, involved the release of a highly toxic gas from a chemical plant, causing thousands of deaths and long-term health problems. The disaster highlighted the urgent need for a stronger and more comprehensive legal framework to manage hazardous substances and protect the public and environment.
Q3776. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 is considered an "umbrella legislation" because:
Explanation
The national environmental law enacted in the mid-eighties is often described using a term that reflects its broad and comprehensive nature. It provides a central framework that allows for the coordination of various other more specific laws related to air and water pollution. By giving the government wide-ranging powers to address any environmental issue, it ensures that there are no gaps in the legal system and that protection is covered under one authority.
Q3777. Under Article 253 of the Indian Constitution, the Parliament enacted the Environment (Protection) Act to implement the decisions of which international conference?
Explanation
The power to create national environmental laws in India is derived from the constitution, which allows the government to implement international agreements. The specific law passed in nineteen eighty-six was designed to meet the commitments made during the first major global meeting on the human environment held in Sweden. This landmark conference emphasized that the protection of the Earth is a shared responsibility of all nations and that governments must actively manage natural resources.
Q3778. Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 gives power to the Central Government to:
Explanation
A key part of the national environmental law gives the central government broad authority to take any actions it deems necessary to protect the quality of the air, water, and soil. This includes the power to set standards for pollutants, regulate the location of industries, and manage the handling of hazardous materials. By having this central authority, the country can ensure a consistent and effective response to any environmental challenges across its different regions.
Q3779. Consider the following rules notified under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986:
I. E-Waste (Management) Rules
II. Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules
III. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification
IV. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification
V. Wild Life (Protection) Rules
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
I. E-Waste (Management) Rules
II. Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules
III. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification
IV. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification
V. Wild Life (Protection) Rules
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
Many specific regulations have been established under the authority of the overarching national environmental law to address different types of waste and sensitive areas. These include rules for managing electronic and medical waste, as well as notifications for protecting coastal regions and evaluating the impacts of new projects. While many aspects are covered, some specific laws for protecting wildlife and their habitats are managed through a separate and older legal framework.
Q3780. Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, the penalty for contravention of its provisions is:
Explanation
To ensure that environmental laws are taken seriously, the national legislation includes significant punishments for those who break the rules. Depending on the severity of the offense, individuals or companies can face substantial fines or even spend several years in prison. In some cases, both types of penalties can be applied. These strong deterrents are essential for encouraging people and businesses to follow the regulations and for protecting the environment and public health.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 3771 | (b) CPCB |
| 3772 | (c) Order closure and utility stoppage |
| 3773 | (d) A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i |
| 3774 | (a) Water cess and consent fees |
| 3775 | (b) Bhopal Gas Tragedy |
| 3776 | (a) Framework to coordinate various laws |
| 3777 | (c) UN Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm, 1972 |
| 3778 | (d) Protect and improve environment quality |
| 3779 | (b) I, II, III and IV |
| 3780 | (b) Imprisonment up to 5 years or a fine up to Rs. 1 lakh, or both |
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on RAS Prelims?
This page has 9654 practice MCQs on the RAS Prelims syllabus. Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
How should I practise MCQs for RAS Prelims?
Attempt each question first, then open the answer and read the explanation. Practise one chapter at a time, note the facts you got wrong and revise them. Repeat the chapter after a few days.
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No. These are practice questions written for the RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the pattern the exam uses: factual questions, statement-based questions, match-the-list and assertion-reason.