Q2051. Identify the odd one out among the elements of the Saptanga (Seven Limbs) theory of the state proposed by Kautilya.
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Q2052. The following question consists of two statements -- Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer the question by selecting the appropriate option:
Assertion (A): The President of India is bound to act in accordance with the advice tendered by the Council of Ministers.
Reason (R): The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 made it constitutionally mandatory for the President to accept the advice of the Council of Ministers.
Assertion (A): The President of India is bound to act in accordance with the advice tendered by the Council of Ministers.
Reason (R): The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 made it constitutionally mandatory for the President to accept the advice of the Council of Ministers.
Explanation
Article 74 provides for a Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President. The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 made this advice binding. Later, the 44th Amendment Act of 1978 granted the President the power to return the advice for reconsideration once. However, the President must act according to the advice tendered after such reconsideration is completed.
Q2053. Mediterranean agriculture is highly specialized. Which of the following groups of crops is most representative of this farming system?
Explanation
Mediterranean agriculture is uniquely adapted to dry summers and mild, wet winters. This specialized system focuses on viticulture, orchards, and high-value crops. Grapes are grown for wine production, while olives and citrus fruits thrive in these specific climatic conditions. The region serves as a major global supplier of these products due to its favorable environmental factors.
Q2054. Match the fiscal terms in List I with their descriptions in List II:
Choose the correct answer:
| Concept | Description |
|---|---|
| A. Vertical Fiscal Imbalance | i. Differences in revenue capacities among various states |
| B. Horizontal Fiscal Imbalance | ii. Transfers aimed at ensuring a minimum standard of public services across states |
| C. Equalization Grants | iii. Central taxes shared with states |
| D. Divisible Pool | iv. Gap between resources and expenditure obligations of Centre and States |
Explanation
Fiscal federalism employs various mechanisms to ensure balance. Vertical imbalance reflects the resource gap between the Centre and States, while horizontal imbalance denotes disparities among states. Equalization grants ensure minimum service standards everywhere. The divisible pool consists of central taxes shared with states. Together, these tools form the basis for equitable financial distribution and sustainable national growth.
Q2055. The distance between two consecutive base pairs in a standard B-DNA double helix is approximately:
Explanation
In the standard B-DNA double helix model, the vertical distance between two adjacent nitrogenous base pairs is approximately 0.34 nanometers. This precise spacing contributes to the overall stability of the helix through base-stacking interactions. Given that one full helical turn covers 3.4 nanometers and contains ten base pairs, the calculated distance between individual steps remains remarkably consistent.
Q2056. Consider the following statements regarding Rana Sanga:
I. He defeated the Malwa Sultan Mahmud Khalji II in the Battle of Gagron.
II. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the Battle of Khatoli.
III. He lost the Battle of Bayana to Babur’s forces.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
I. He defeated the Malwa Sultan Mahmud Khalji II in the Battle of Gagron.
II. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the Battle of Khatoli.
III. He lost the Battle of Bayana to Babur’s forces.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
Rana Sanga was a powerful Rajput monarch who achieved significant military successes before his final defeat. He defeated Mahmud Khalji II of Malwa at the Battle of Gagron and overcame Ibrahim Lodi at the Battle of Khatoli. Although he eventually lost to Babur at Khanwa, he was actually victorious in the earlier Battle of Bayana against the Mughal forces.
Q2057. Given below are two statements, one labeled as
Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Kautilya’s Arthashastra strongly recommends an extensive espionage system for the state.
Reason (R): Spies were considered necessary to maintain centralized control, gather intelligence, and prevent rebellions.
Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Kautilya’s Arthashastra strongly recommends an extensive espionage system for the state.
Reason (R): Spies were considered necessary to maintain centralized control, gather intelligence, and prevent rebellions.
Explanation
Kautilya emphasized an extensive espionage network as crucial for the survival and stability of the Mauryan state. Spies were strategically deployed to gather intelligence on foreign powers, monitor the loyalty of high officials, and identify potential domestic unrest. This centralized intelligence system allowed the monarch to take preemptive actions against internal conspiracies and external threats, ensuring the overall security of the administration.
Q2058. In the context of the Presidential Electoral College, the value of the vote of an MLA from the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly is:
Explanation
The value of an MLA’s vote in the Presidential election is calculated based on the state’s population and the number of elected assembly members. For Rajasthan, this value is fixed at 129. These values were determined using 1971 census data and will remain unchanged until the first census taken after 2026, ensuring uniformity and parity across different states.
Q2059. Consider the following statements regarding Dry land and Irrigated farming:
I. Dry land farming is practiced in regions receiving less than 75 cm of annual rainfall.
II. Drought-resistant crops like millets and gram are typical of dry land farming.
III. Irrigated farming often faces the ecological problem of soil salinization.
IV. Irrigated farming is completely independent of the nature of the soil.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
I. Dry land farming is practiced in regions receiving less than 75 cm of annual rainfall.
II. Drought-resistant crops like millets and gram are typical of dry land farming.
III. Irrigated farming often faces the ecological problem of soil salinization.
IV. Irrigated farming is completely independent of the nature of the soil.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
Dry land farming occurs in low-rainfall areas, focusing on moisture conservation and drought-resistant crops like millets. Irrigated farming provides reliable water but can lead to soil salinization through poor drainage and evaporation. While irrigation reduces weather dependency, soil characteristics still significantly influence crop selection and drainage requirements, making soil type a critical factor.
Q2060. Which of the following statements regarding the financial relations between the Centre and the States is incorrect?
Explanation
Under Article 271, the Union can levy surcharges for its own purposes, and these proceeds are not shared with the States. This distinguishes them from other taxes in the divisible pool. Other rules ensure that Union property remains exempt from state taxes and that the Union can provide grants for public purposes beyond the Union List subjects.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 2051 | (d) Purohita |
| 2052 | (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. |
| 2053 | (d) Olives, grapes, and citrus fruits |
| 2054 | (a) A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii |
| 2055 | (a) 0.34 nm |
| 2056 | (a) I and II only |
| 2057 | (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. |
| 2058 | (a) 129 |
| 2059 | (a) I, II and III only |
| 2060 | (a) Surcharges on certain taxes and duties are levied by the Union and form part of the divisible pool. |
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on RAS Prelims?
This page has 9654 practice MCQs on the RAS Prelims syllabus. Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
How should I practise MCQs for RAS Prelims?
Attempt each question first, then open the answer and read the explanation. Practise one chapter at a time, note the facts you got wrong and revise them. Repeat the chapter after a few days.
Are these actual RAS Prelims past-paper questions?
No. These are practice questions written for the RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the pattern the exam uses: factual questions, statement-based questions, match-the-list and assertion-reason.