Q51. In the context of sustainable development, the concept of "intergenerational equity" primarily refers to:
Indian Economy: RAS Prelims MCQs
848 RAS Prelims practice MCQs on the Indian economy are on this page, in 10 chapters. They cover economic growth and development, the Human Development Index, monetary and fiscal policy and the Union Budget, fiscal federalism, agricultural development, industrial reforms and LPG, the service sector, energy and transport, skill development and employment, and social justice. Each question has an answer and an explanation.
Practice questions based on the RPSC RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the exam pattern but are not past-paper questions.
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Q52. Which of the following best describes "intragenerational equity" in sustainable development?
Explanation
Intragenerational equity refers to the fair distribution of resources and opportunities among people living today. It emphasizes reducing the gap between the rich and the poor, both within and between nations. Sustainable development requires that poverty be eradicated and that all people have access to basic needs. Without addressing current inequalities, it is impossible to achieve a stable and sustainable global society.
Q53. Consider the following principles generally associated with sustainable development:
I. Conservation of biodiversity.
II. Integration of environmental considerations into economic planning.
III. Pursuit of economic growth without any ecological limits.
IV. Promotion of social equity and poverty eradication.
V. Reliance on non-renewable energy sources for rapid industrialization.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
I. Conservation of biodiversity.
II. Integration of environmental considerations into economic planning.
III. Pursuit of economic growth without any ecological limits.
IV. Promotion of social equity and poverty eradication.
V. Reliance on non-renewable energy sources for rapid industrialization.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
Sustainable development involves the conservation of biodiversity and the integration of environmental goals into economic policy. It also prioritizes social equity and the eradication of poverty. However, it does not support growth without ecological limits, as this would be inherently unsustainable. Furthermore, a key goal is to transition away from non-renewable energy sources rather than relying on them for rapid industrialization.
Q54. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below:
| International Events | Key Outcomes/Themes |
|---|---|
| A. Stockholm Conference (1972) | i. Formulated Agenda 21 for sustainable development in the 21st century. |
| B. 1987 Commission Report | ii. First global conference making the environment a major issue. |
| C. Rio Earth Summit (1992) | iii. Coined the classic definition of Sustainable Development. |
| D. Johannesburg Summit (2002) | iv. Focused heavily on partnerships for sustainable development and poverty eradication. |
Explanation
The Stockholm Conference was the first major global meeting on the environment. The Brundtland Report provided the definitive definition of sustainable development. The Rio Earth Summit produced Agenda 21, a comprehensive plan for global action. The Johannesburg Summit focused on building partnerships to address poverty and sustainable resource use. Together, these events have shaped the modern international framework for environmental and social policy.
Q55. Which of the following correctly pairs Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1 and SDG 2 respectively?
Explanation
The Sustainable Development Goals are a set of 17 global objectives. SDG 1 aims to end poverty in all its forms everywhere, reflecting the most fundamental human challenge. SDG 2 focuses on ending hunger, achieving food security, and promoting sustainable agriculture. These two goals are deeply interconnected, as poverty is a primary driver of malnutrition and food insecurity worldwide.
Q56. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by all United Nations Member States to serve as a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet. What is the target year for achieving these goals?
Explanation
The Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The member states committed to achieving these targets within a fifteen-year timeframe. This ambitious global roadmap requires significant collaboration between governments, the private sector, and civil society to address climate change, inequality, and poverty by the end of the decade.
Q57. A major difference between the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is that:
Explanation
A fundamental difference between the two sets of goals is their scope of application. The Millennium Development Goals were primarily focused on developing nations, with developed countries providing support. In contrast, the Sustainable Development Goals are universal, applying to all countries regardless of their wealth. This reflects the understanding that sustainability is a global challenge that requires action from every nation.
Q58. The following question consists of two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are often described as indivisible and integrated.
Reason (R): Progress in one SDG is inherently linked to progress in others, meaning economic, social, and environmental dimensions must be balanced simultaneously.
Assertion (A): The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are often described as indivisible and integrated.
Reason (R): Progress in one SDG is inherently linked to progress in others, meaning economic, social, and environmental dimensions must be balanced simultaneously.
Explanation
The Sustainable Development Goals are described as indivisible because they are deeply interconnected. For example, improving education often leads to better health outcomes and higher economic productivity. Conversely, failing to address climate change can undermine progress in poverty reduction. Therefore, the goals must be pursued as a package, ensuring that social, economic, and environmental progress are balanced and mutually reinforcing.
Q59. SDG 13 calls for urgent action to combat a specific global challenge. Which of the following is the focus of SDG 13?
Explanation
SDG 13 specifically calls for urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. It involves strengthening resilience to climate-related hazards and integrating climate measures into national policies. This goal recognizes that climate change is a global emergency that threatens to reverse decades of development progress. It also emphasizes the importance of education and international cooperation in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.
Q60. The concept of "Green GDP" adjusts conventional Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by accounting for:
Explanation
Green GDP is an economic indicator that adjusts the standard Gross Domestic Product to reflect environmental factors. It subtracts the monetary value of natural resource depletion and the costs of environmental degradation from the total output. By accounting for the loss of biodiversity and the damage caused by pollution, Green GDP provides a more accurate measure of sustainable economic performance.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 51 | (d) Equity across future generations. |
| 52 | (c) Equity within current populations. |
| 53 | (a) I, II and IV only |
| 54 | (a) A-ii, B-iii, C-i, D-iv |
| 55 | (a) No Poverty; Zero Hunger |
| 56 | (c) 2030 |
| 57 | (a) Universal application of SDGs. |
| 58 | (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. |
| 59 | (b) Climate action |
| 60 | (c) Natural resource/environmental loss. |
Key facts from Indian Economy
- The RPSC syllabus lists economic concepts and the Indian economy as the first part of the Economy paper, followed by the economy of Rajasthan.
- Concept questions test definitions: nominal and real GDP, GNP and NDP, per capita income and the value-added method.
- Policy questions pair a tool with its effect, for example a rise in CRR reduces the lendable resources of banks.
- Scheme questions ask for the target group, ministry or year of schemes such as PMKVY, NAPS, PM SVANidhi and PM-SYM.
- Questions on Finance Commission and GST link the body to its Article, such as Article 280.
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on Indian Economy?
This page has 848 practice MCQs on Indian Economy. Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
Which chapters does the Indian economy set cover?
Ten chapters: economic growth, development and sustainable development; measurement of development (HDI); monetary and fiscal policy and the Union Budget; fiscal federalism and the Finance Commission; agricultural development; industrial growth and LPG reforms; the service sector; energy, transport and communication; skill development and employment; and social justice and empowerment.
Is the Indian economy in the RAS Prelims syllabus?
Yes. RPSC lists Economic Concepts and the Indian Economy as the first part of the Economy paper. The second part covers the economy of Rajasthan, which is on its own page.
How should I revise economy for RAS Prelims?
Learn the definitions and the cause-and-effect chains first, then the schemes with their year, ministry and target group. Attempt each chapter, read every explanation and keep a one-line note for each scheme and body.