Q11. Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) provides a health cover of up to what amount per family per year?
Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes: RAS Prelims MCQs
151 RAS Prelims MCQs on human health, food, nutrition and public health programmes test nutrients, vitamins, deficiency diseases and government programmes. Carbohydrates, vitamin names, iron and anaemia, overnutrition, adulteration and epidemic dropsy, the role of an ASHA worker and the aims of Poshan Abhiyan are asked as facts and effects.
Practice questions based on the RPSC RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the exam pattern but are not past-paper questions.
Showing 11–20 of 151 questions
Q12. Which among the following macronutrients is composed of amino acids?
Explanation
Proteins are large, complex macronutrients composed of long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. There are twenty different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form diverse proteins, each with unique functions in the body. These functions include acting as enzymes, providing structural support to tissues, and facilitating various essential metabolic processes for survival.
Q13. Consider the following statements regarding micronutrients:
I. Vitamin B12 is found mainly in animal products.
II. Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy can lead to neural tube defects.
III. Vitamin D facilitates the absorption of calcium in the gut.
IV. Vitamin K is essential for blood coagulation.
V. Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant and is fat-soluble.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
I. Vitamin B12 is found mainly in animal products.
II. Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy can lead to neural tube defects.
III. Vitamin D facilitates the absorption of calcium in the gut.
IV. Vitamin K is essential for blood coagulation.
V. Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant and is fat-soluble.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal-based foods, and folic acid is crucial during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects. Vitamin D is essential for intestinal calcium absorption, while Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting. Vitamin C is an antioxidant, but it is water-soluble, not fat-soluble, which distinguishes it from vitamins like A, D, E, and K.
Q14. A deficiency of dietary iodine most commonly affects the functioning of which gland?
Explanation
The thyroid gland requires iodine to synthesize essential hormones like thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which regulate metabolism. A deficiency of dietary iodine prevents the gland from producing these hormones efficiently, leading to its enlargement, a condition known as goitre. This physical manifestation is a clear sign that the body is struggling to maintain normal endocrine function.
Q15. An individual with a sedentary lifestyle requires comparatively fewer calories. Which factor does NOT typically influence an individual’s Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for energy?
Explanation
An individual’s nutritional and energy requirements are determined by factors such as age, gender, physical activity level, and physiological status, such as pregnancy or lactation. These factors influence the metabolic rate and the amount of nutrients needed for growth and maintenance. However, blood type has no scientifically established influence on the Recommended Dietary Allowance for energy or specific nutrients.
Q16. In the context of malnutrition, which of the following is considered a form of overnutrition?
Explanation
Overnutrition refers to the excessive intake of specific nutrients or total calories beyond the body’s requirements. Hypervitaminosis A is a condition resulting from the toxic accumulation of Vitamin A in the body, representing a form of micronutrient overnutrition. In contrast, conditions like pellagra result from deficiency, while cachexia and sarcopenia are characterized by the loss of body mass.
Q17. Which of the following is NOT a core component of the National Health Mission (NHM)?
Explanation
The National Health Mission focuses on strengthening the public health system and improving basic health outcomes.
Q18. Poshan Tracker is an ICT application developed primarily to:
Explanation
The Poshan Tracker is a specialized digital application designed to provide a real-time monitoring system for the delivery of nutritional services. It allows for the tracking of activities at Anganwadi centres and monitors the growth and nutritional status of children and pregnant women. This data-driven approach helps in identifying gaps in service delivery and ensures the effective implementation of Poshan Abhiyan.
Q19. Under Ayushman Bharat, the Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) are established by transforming existing:
Explanation
Ayushman Bharat aims to achieve universal health coverage by transforming existing Sub- Health Centres and Primary Health Centres into Health and Wellness Centres. These upgraded facilities are designed to provide comprehensive primary healthcare services closer to the community. This transformation focuses on shifted healthcare from being purely curative to including preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative services for the local population.
Q20. The principal function of dietary fat is to:
Explanation
Dietary fats are the most energy-dense macronutrient, providing nine kilocalories per gram. Their primary function is to serve as a concentrated energy reserve that the body can utilize during periods of low calorie intake. Additionally, fats are essential for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and provide insulation and protection for vital organs within the human body.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 11 | (c) Rs. 5 Lakhs |
| 12 | (b) Proteins |
| 13 | (a) I, II, III and IV only |
| 14 | (a) Thyroid gland |
| 15 | (c) Blood type |
| 16 | (a) Hypervitaminosis A |
| 17 | (b) Subsidizing private tertiary care hospitals for cosmetic surgeries |
| 18 | (d) Tracking Anganwadi services and nutritional outcomes |
| 19 | (a) Sub-Health and Primary Health Centres |
| 20 | (c) Serve as a concentrated source of energy |
Key facts from Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes
- Carbohydrates are the main source of immediate energy; overnutrition leads to obesity.
- Vitamin C is ascorbic acid; tocopherol (vitamin E) is not part of the Vitamin B complex.
- Iron deficiency most directly leads to anaemia, and anaemia among pregnant women raises the maternal mortality rate.
- The Recommended Dietary Allowance is the daily intake level sufficient for most healthy people.
- Argemone oil in edible mustard oil causes epidemic dropsy.
- An ASHA worker links the community with the public health system under the National Health Mission; Poshan Abhiyan targets stunting, under-nutrition and anaemia.
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes?
This page has 151 practice MCQs on Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes (Health, Environment and Agriculture). Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
Which condition does iron deficiency cause?
Anaemia, a low level of haemoglobin in the blood. It causes weakness and tiredness, and in pregnant women it raises the risk to both mother and child, so iron and folic acid tablets are given under the public health programmes.
What causes epidemic dropsy?
Argemone oil mixed in edible mustard oil as an adulterant. The toxin it contains affects the body and causes swelling, so adulteration of mustard oil has led to outbreaks in India.
What is the role of an ASHA worker?
To link the community with the public health system under the National Health Mission. An ASHA, the Accredited Social Health Activist, is a village-level worker who guides women to institutional delivery and immunisation.