Q111. Which of the following is an objective of the National Mental Health Programme (NMHP)?
Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes: RAS Prelims MCQs
151 RAS Prelims MCQs on human health, food, nutrition and public health programmes test nutrients, vitamins, deficiency diseases and government programmes. Carbohydrates, vitamin names, iron and anaemia, overnutrition, adulteration and epidemic dropsy, the role of an ASHA worker and the aims of Poshan Abhiyan are asked as facts and effects.
Practice questions based on the RPSC RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the exam pattern but are not past-paper questions.
Showing 111–120 of 151 questions
Q112. Under Poshan Abhiyan, what is the target population for ensuring a reduction in anemia?
Explanation
Poshan Abhiyan takes a comprehensive approach to reducing anaemia by targeting the most vulnerable groups across the lifecycle. This includes children under six years of age, adolescent boys and girls, and women of reproductive age, particularly pregnant and lactating mothers. By addressing the nutritional needs and health status of these groups, the program aims to break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition and anaemia.
Q113. A major objective of the Ayushman Bharat PM- JAY scheme is to reduce:
Explanation
A central goal of Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY is to provide financial protection to nearly fifty crore vulnerable citizens, thereby reducing the burden of out-of-pocket expenditures on health. Large medical bills for major surgeries or serious illnesses often drive families into poverty. By covering the costs of secondary and tertiary hospitalization, the scheme prevents these catastrophic health events from causing severe economic distress for poor families.
Q114. Consider the following statements regarding the human digestive system:
I. The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body.
II. Bile contains enzymes that directly digest proteins.
III. The pancreas functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland.
IV. Water absorption occurs primarily in the large intestine.
V. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach activates pepsinogen.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
I. The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body.
II. Bile contains enzymes that directly digest proteins.
III. The pancreas functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland.
IV. Water absorption occurs primarily in the large intestine.
V. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach activates pepsinogen.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
The liver is the body’s largest internal organ, and the pancreas serves both endocrine and exocrine functions. Water absorption is a key role of the large intestine, and stomach acid is necessary to activate digestive enzymes like pepsin. However, bile does not contain enzymes to digest proteins; its primary role is the emulsification of fats to facilitate their digestion by pancreatic lipase.
Q115. Vitamin K plays a crucial role in:
Explanation
Vitamin K is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that serves as a cofactor for the synthesis of several proteins required for blood coagulation. Without sufficient Vitamin K, the blood cannot clot properly, leading to an increased risk of excessive bleeding and bruising. While it also plays a role in bone health, its most critical and well-known function is ensuring the body’s ability to stop bleeding after an injury.
Q116. Which mineral, along with calcium, provides strength and structure to the skeletal system?
Explanation
Phosphorus is a vital mineral that works closely with calcium to build strong bones and teeth. In fact, about eighty-five percent of the body’s phosphorus is found in the skeletal system in the form of calcium phosphate. Beyond its structural role, phosphorus is also essential for energy production, as it is a key component of ATP, and for the formation of DNA and cell membranes.
Q117. A pregnant woman in her second or third trimester generally requires an additional daily intake of approximately how many kilocalories above her non-pregnant requirement?
Explanation
During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the body requires additional energy to support the growth of the fetus, placenta, and maternal tissues. Nutritional guidelines generally recommend an increase of approximately three hundred and fifty kilocalories per day above the woman’s pre-pregnancy needs. Meeting these increased energy requirements is important for ensuring healthy weight gain and the optimal development of the developing baby.
Q118. Obesity is fundamentally caused by a chronic imbalance between:
Explanation
Obesity is fundamentally the result of a long-term energy imbalance where more calories are consumed than are expended through basal metabolism and physical activity. The excess energy is stored in the body as adipose tissue. While genetics and environmental factors play a role, the chronic surplus of energy intake remains the primary driver of weight gain and the development of obesity in individuals.
Q119. Synthetic milk is often illegally manufactured by mixing water, oil, detergent, and which of the following chemicals to mimic the nitrogen content of natural milk?
Explanation
Synthetic milk is sometimes illegally produced using various chemicals to mimic the appearance and properties of natural milk. Urea is often added to these mixtures because it increases the nitrogen content, which can mislead standard tests used to estimate protein levels. Consuming such adulterated products is highly dangerous and can lead to serious health problems, including kidney damage and other systemic toxic effects.
Q120. Sodium benzoate and potassium metabisulphite are examples of:
Explanation
Sodium benzoate and potassium metabisulphite are classified as Class II or chemical preservatives. These substances are added to food in strictly regulated amounts to inhibit the growth of microorganisms and prevent spoilage. While Class I preservatives include natural substances like salt and sugar, Class II preservatives are synthetic chemicals that provide powerful antimicrobial action, particularly in products like jams, squashes, and pickles.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 111 | (d) Integrating mental health with primary care |
| 112 | (c) Children, adolescents, and fertile women |
| 113 | (d) Out-of-pocket costs for catastrophic health events |
| 114 | (b) I, III, IV and V only |
| 115 | (b) Synthesis of blood-clotting proteins |
| 116 | (b) Phosphorus |
| 117 | (b) 350 kcal |
| 118 | (c) Imbalance between energy intake and expenditure |
| 119 | (d) Urea |
| 120 | (c) Class II (Chemical) preservatives |
Key facts from Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes
- Carbohydrates are the main source of immediate energy; overnutrition leads to obesity.
- Vitamin C is ascorbic acid; tocopherol (vitamin E) is not part of the Vitamin B complex.
- Iron deficiency most directly leads to anaemia, and anaemia among pregnant women raises the maternal mortality rate.
- The Recommended Dietary Allowance is the daily intake level sufficient for most healthy people.
- Argemone oil in edible mustard oil causes epidemic dropsy.
- An ASHA worker links the community with the public health system under the National Health Mission; Poshan Abhiyan targets stunting, under-nutrition and anaemia.
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes?
This page has 151 practice MCQs on Human Health, Food, Nutrition and Public Health Programmes (Health, Environment and Agriculture). Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
Which condition does iron deficiency cause?
Anaemia, a low level of haemoglobin in the blood. It causes weakness and tiredness, and in pregnant women it raises the risk to both mother and child, so iron and folic acid tablets are given under the public health programmes.
What causes epidemic dropsy?
Argemone oil mixed in edible mustard oil as an adulterant. The toxin it contains affects the body and causes swelling, so adulteration of mustard oil has led to outbreaks in India.
What is the role of an ASHA worker?
To link the community with the public health system under the National Health Mission. An ASHA, the Accredited Social Health Activist, is a village-level worker who guides women to institutional delivery and immunisation.