Q11. Which of the following best describes the transition from the Early Vedic to the Later Vedic period?
Vedic Age: RAS Prelims MCQs
80 RAS Prelims MCQs on the Vedic Age cover the Early and Later Vedic periods. The homeland theories, the Boghazkoi inscription, the Vedic assemblies, economic terms, the spread of iron and Painted Grey Ware, the Vedas and the Upanishads are all tested, and the explanations separate what belongs to each period.
Practice questions based on the RPSC RAS Prelims syllabus. They follow the exam pattern but are not past-paper questions.
Showing 11–20 of 80 questions
Q12. Which of the following is the correct sequence of political units in the Early Vedic period, arranged from the smallest to the largest?
Explanation
The political structure of the Early Vedic period was organized hierarchically based on kinship. The Kula or family was the basic unit, followed by the Grama or village. Multiple villages formed a Vis, and a collection of Vis constituted the Jana or tribe. The Rashtra emerged as the largest territorial entity, representing the collective identity of the tribal group.
Q13. Which archaeological culture is most strongly associated with the Later Vedic period and the expansion into the Indo-Gangetic divide?
Explanation
The Painted Grey Ware culture is archaeologically synonymous with the Later Vedic period in Northern India. This phase is characterized by the use of distinct grey pottery decorated with geometric patterns. Evidence from these sites shows the adoption of iron tools and a transition to sedentary farming. It marks the expansion of Vedic society into the Indo-Gangetic divide and upper Ganga valley.
Q14. Match List-I with Lis7t-II regarding Vedic gods and their attributes:
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
| Vedic Gods | Attributes |
|---|---|
| A. Agni | i. Gods of storm |
| B. Soma | ii. Intermediary between gods and humans |
| C. Maruts | iii. Divine physicians |
| D. Ashvins | iv. God of plants and intoxicating drink |
Explanation
Vedic deities were associated with specific natural elements and functions. Agni served as the intermediary between humans and the divine through sacrificial fires. Soma was the god of plants and an intoxicating ritual drink. The Maruts represented the storm, while the Ashvins were venerated as divine physicians. These associations illustrate the deep connection between the Vedic people and the natural environment.
Q15. The discovery of which metal played a crucial role in clearing forests and advancing settled agriculture in the Later Vedic period?
Explanation
The discovery and use of iron, referred to as Krishnayas, revolutionized life in the Later Vedic period. Iron tools like axes and ploughshares enabled the clearing of dense forests in the Gangetic valley. This technological advancement facilitated large-scale settled agriculture and supported the growth of surplus production. Consequently, it provided the economic foundation for the rise of territorial kingdoms and urbanization.
Q16. In the Later Vedic period, the term "Bali", which originally meant a voluntary offering, evolved into:
Explanation
In the Early Vedic period, Bali was a voluntary offering made by tribesmen to their chief. However, during the Later Vedic period, this practice transformed into a mandatory tax or tribute. This shift reflected the increasing power of the king and the development of a more formal administrative structure. It signifies the transition from a gift-based economy to a centralized fiscal system.
Q17. Which of the following is an incorrect pair regarding the socio-economic terms of the Vedic period?
Explanation
Several terms defined the socio-economic activities of the Vedic period. Vrihi referred to rice, while Godhuma and Yava represented wheat and barley, respectively. However, the term Takshan specifically denoted a carpenter, not a weaver. Weaving was another vital craft, but it was identified by different terminology. Accurate identification of these terms is essential for understanding the occupational diversity of the era.
Q18. Consider the following statements regarding the Later Vedic political changes:
I. The concept of territorial identity (Janapada) began to replace tribal identity (Jana).
II. Elaborate sacrifices like Rajasuya and Ashvamedha enhanced royal power.
III. The king maintained a large, permanent standing army paid in cash.
IV. The power of popular assemblies like the Sabha and Samiti significantly declined.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
I. The concept of territorial identity (Janapada) began to replace tribal identity (Jana).
II. Elaborate sacrifices like Rajasuya and Ashvamedha enhanced royal power.
III. The king maintained a large, permanent standing army paid in cash.
IV. The power of popular assemblies like the Sabha and Samiti significantly declined.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
Explanation
While the Later Vedic period saw increased royal power through elaborate rituals like the Rajasuya, the king did not yet maintain a permanent standing army paid in cash. Military forces were still primarily composed of tribal militias mobilized during conflicts. Regular taxation and a professional military apparatus only became fully established during the subsequent Mahajanapada period as territorial states became more complex.
Q19. The Varna system definitively crystallized into four distinct hereditary classes during which phase?
Explanation
The Varna system, which originated as a flexible division of labor based on color and occupation, became rigid and hereditary during the Later Vedic period. Society crystallized into four distinct classes: Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras. This period established the religious and social hierarchies that defined later Indian social structure, with ritual purity and birth determining one’s status and duties.
Q20. Arrange the following Ashramas (stages of life) in their correct sequential order as they were conceptualized in Later Vedic and post-Vedic texts:
I. Vanaprastha
II. Sanyasa
III. Brahmacharya
IV. Grihastha
Select the correct order from the options below:
I. Vanaprastha
II. Sanyasa
III. Brahmacharya
IV. Grihastha
Select the correct order from the options below:
Explanation
The Ashrama system outlined four distinct stages of a person’s life in ancient Indian thought. It began with Brahmacharya, the student phase focused on education. This was followed by Grihastha, the householder stage involving family and social duties. Next was Vanaprastha, or partial retirement into the forest, and finally Sanyasa, representing total renunciation of worldly ties to seek spiritual liberation.Answer key for these questions
| Q | Correct answer |
|---|---|
| 11 | (d) Shift to settled agriculture and the rise of territorial kingdoms |
| 12 | (b) Kula - Grama - Vis - Jana - Rashtra |
| 13 | (c) Painted Grey Ware (PGW) |
| 14 | (d) A-ii, B-iv, C-i, D-iii |
| 15 | (a) Iron (Krishnayas) |
| 16 | (b) A mandatory tax or tribute collected by the ruling king. |
| 17 | (b) Takshan - Weaver |
| 18 | (b) III only |
| 19 | (c) Later Vedic Period |
| 20 | (b) III, IV, I, II |
Key facts from Vedic Age
- Max Muller proposed the Central Asian homeland theory; Dayananda Saraswati placed the original home of the Aryans in Tibet.
- The Boghazkoi inscription from Turkey mentions Vedic gods such as Indra, Varuna, Mitra and the Nasatyas.
- Vidatha was the oldest Vedic assembly.
- Nishka was a gold ornament or unit of value; Gavishti, meaning a search for cows, denoted tribal conflict.
- Painted Grey Ware is associated with the Later Vedic period, and iron (Krishnayas) helped clear forests for farming.
- In the Later Vedic period Bali became a compulsory tax, the varna system became hereditary and Prajapati rose to the position of creator.
Frequently asked questions
How many RAS Prelims practice MCQs are there on Vedic Age?
This page has 80 practice MCQs on Vedic Age (Ancient Indian History). Each has the correct answer, and most have an explanation.
Which Veda is a collection of melodies?
The Samaveda. It is a collection of melodies and chants sung during sacrifices, and many of its verses are taken from the Rigveda and set to music. The Upanishads, by contrast, teach the unity of Atman and Brahman.
What does the Boghazkoi inscription show?
The Boghazkoi inscription, found in Turkey, mentions the Vedic gods Indra, Varuna, Mitra and the Nasatyas. It is cited as evidence of early links between the Indo-Aryans and West Asia and of the antiquity of the Vedic gods.
Which archaeological culture is linked with the Later Vedic period?
Painted Grey Ware (PGW). It is found in the upper Ganga basin and Haryana, and it goes with the spread of iron tools, settled agriculture and the rise of territorial kingdoms in the Later Vedic period.