Q1. Consider the following statements: An amendment to the Constitution of India can be initiated by the:
1. Lok Sabha
2. Rajya Sabha
3. State Legislature
4. President
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Lok Sabha
2. Rajya Sabha
3. State Legislature
4. President
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Explanation
Statement (1) and (2) are correct: Both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha can introduce a bill for Constitutional amendment and pass it with a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting.
Statement (3) is incorrect: While the State Legislatures can ratify amendments related to certain matters (like changes to the federal structure) which require ratification by the legislatures of at least half of the states (via simple majority), they cannot initiate amendments.
Statement (4) is incorrect: The President does not have the power to initiate a constitutional amendment. The President’s role is to give assent to a bill passed by Parliament for an amendment.