Miscellaneous: UPSC Previous Year Questions (Polity)

Explanation

A is matched with 3: The President of India takes an oath to "preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution" and uphold the Constitution of India, which corresponds to the oath of faith and allegiance to the Constitution. B is matched with 4: Judges of the Supreme Court swear to "discharge their duties without fear or favor" and uphold the Constitution and the law, aligning with the oath of upholding the Constitution and the law. C is matched with 2: Members of Parliament pledge to "bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India," which corresponds to the oath of faith and allegiance to the Constitution. D is matched with 1: According to Article 75(4), ministers take an oath to uphold secrecy and faithfully discharge their duties.

Explanation

The "Panchsheel" Agreement, also known as the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, was a set of guidelines established in 1954 between India and China. The principles are:

1. Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty

2. Mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affairs

3. Equality and mutual benefit

4. Peaceful coexistence

5. Non-aggression Non-alignment is a separate concept, particularly associated with India’s foreign policy during the Cold War, where India refrained from aligning with any of the major power blocs. It is not one of the principles of Panchsheel. v v v