Peasant and Tribal Movements: UPSC Previous Year Questions (Modern History)

Explanation

These revolts were often triggered by socio-economic oppression or resistance to administrative interference. The Moplah Revolt, also referred to as the Mappila Outbreaks, was a series of uprisings by the Mappila (Moplah) Muslim peasantry of Malabar (present-day Kerala). These uprisings were against the exploitation by Hindu landlords and the oppressive colonial state. The Pabna Peasant Uprising in Bengal, was led by peasants (ryots) against the oppressive zamindars. This revolt arose from economic distress and disputes over tenancy rights. The Eka (Unity) Movement emerged in Awadh (modern Uttar Pradesh) was a farmers’ rebellion against high rents, illegal levies, and the oppressive practices of landlords under British rule. The Birsa Munda Revolt was a significant tribal uprising in Bihar and the region now known as Jharkhand. The Munda community revolted against colonial policies and zamindari practices, which encroached upon their land and traditions.