Explanation
Option (a) is incorrect: While inclusive growth and poverty reduction were important goals, they were not the main objective of the 12th Five-Year Plan. The plan emphasized faster and sustainable growth in addition to inclusivity.
Option (b) is incorrect: This option misses the "faster" aspect, which was a key focus of the 12th Plan. The plan aimed to accelerate economic growth while making it sustainable and inclusive.
Option (c) is incorrect: While reducing unemployment was an important goal, it was not explicitly stated in the main objective of 12th FYP.
Option (d) is correct: The Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017) was launched with the objective of faster, sustainable, and more inclusive growth. It was the last five-year plan. Its growth rate target was 8%. Later, the government dissolved the Planning Commission with the creation of NITI Aayog. Major objectives of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan:
To remove gender and social gaps in school enrolment. To enhance access to higher education. To reduce malnutrition among children aged 0-3 years. To provide electricity to all villages. Create new job opportunities in non-agricultural sectors.
Five-Year Plan Period Main Objectives First Plan 1951-1956 Agriculture, irrigation, community development, and price stability post-Partition. Second Plan 1956-1961 Industrialization (Mahalanobis Model), heavy industries, and public sector development. Third Plan 1961-1966 Self-sufficiency in food grains, agriculture, and expansion of industries. Ended due to the 1962 war and 1965 drought. Plan Holiday 1966-1969 Due to the economic crisis, three annual plans focused on agriculture and stabilization. Fourth Plan 1969-1974 Growth with stability, reduction in inequalities, self-reliance in food grains. Fifth Plan 1974-1979 Removal of poverty (Garibi Ha-tao), employment, economic self-reliance. Terminated early in 1978. Sixth Plan 1980-1985 Economic liberalization, modernization, poverty alleviation, and technology adoption. Seventh Plan 1985-1990 Industrial growth, employment generation, focus on energy and infrastructure. Eighth Plan 1992-1997 Economic reforms, liberalization, globalization, and rapid growth. Ninth Plan 1997-2002 Growth with equity, employment, regional balance, rural development. Tenth Plan 2002-2007 Faster GDP growth (8%), poverty reduction, focus on human development. Eleventh Plan 2007-2012 Inclusive growth, education, health, infrastructure, sustainability. Twelfth Plan 2012-2017 Faster, sustainable, and inclusive growth. Focus on social and economic equity. Planning Discontinued Post-2017 NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission. No formal Five-Year Plans now.