1. It was first endorsed at the United Nations Climate Summit in 2014.
2. It endorses a global timeline to end the loss of forests.
3. It is a legally binding international declaration.
4. It is endorsed by governments, big companies and indigenous communities.
5. India was one of the signatories at its inception.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: The NYDF was launched and endorsed at the United Nations Climate Summit in New York on September 23, 2014. It was a significant global effort to address deforestation and promote forest conservation.
Statement 2 is correct: The NYDF sets a global timeline to end natural forest loss by 2030 and to restore 350 million hectares of degraded forest and agricultural land by the same year. It also aims to halve deforestation by 2020 (though this target was not met).
Statement 3 is incorrect: The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) is a voluntary and non-legally binding international declaration aimed at ending global deforestation.
Statement 4 is correct: The NYDF has been endorsed by a wide range of stakeholders, including national governments, multinational companies, NGOs, and indigenous communities. Over 200 entities have pledged their support.
Statement 5 is incorrect: India was not a signatory to the NYDF at its inception. While many countries, including the United States, Canada, and several European nations, endorsed the declaration, India has still not joined as a signatory.
For S3, since when declarations become legally binding? Aren’t treaties there for that? Legally binding is strong requirement, seldom international declaration are legally binding, hence more likely false. Eliminating options B and C. Now as compare to S5(much more specific and hence easy to manipulate) S2 is much more general and practical to be false.